shiro是一个java的安全认证框架，主要用户管理用户的登录，用户登录之后的权限，用户登录之后具有哪些角色和权限，能够访问哪些菜单，点击哪些按钮等操作。

shiro的session管理，不仅仅支持在web环境下的session管理，还支持在非web环境的session管理。接下来 ，我们来看下面一个简单的java 工程，通过项目来了解shiro

我们首先来看下工程截图的代码：

 这是一个简单的hellworld是一个java的工程项目：首先需要创建一个shiro的配置文化

shiro.ini在该配置文件中，是用来便于测试使用，在里面配置用户名和密码，用户对应的角色。用户对于的权限等

## Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file# distributed with this work for additional information# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at##     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0## Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,# software distributed under the License is distributed on an# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the# specific language governing permissions and limitations# under the License.## =============================================================================# Quickstart INI Realm configuration## For those that might not understand the references in this file, the# definitions are all based on the classic Mel Brooks' film "Spaceballs". ;)# =============================================================================# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Users and their assigned roles## Each line conforms to the format defined in the# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setUserDefinitions JavaDoc# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------[users]# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' roleroot = secret, admin# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' roleguest = guest, guest# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'presidentskroob = 12345, president# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------# Roles with assigned permissions# # Each line conforms to the format defined in the# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------[roles]# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'admin = *# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:schwartz = lightsaber:*# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'delete' (action) the user (type) with# license plate 'zhangsan' (instance specific id)goodguy = user:delete:zhangsan

 

接下来我们在quickstart.java代码中对shiro.ini中配置的参数进行验证和校验

我们来看下程序的代码：

package com.atguigu.shiro.helloworld;import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;/** * Simple Quickstart application showing how to use Shiro's API. * * @since 0.9 RC2 */public class Quickstart {    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);    public static void main(String[] args) {        // The easiest way to create a Shiro SecurityManager with configured        // realms, users, roles and permissions is to use the simple INI config.        // We'll do that by using a factory that can ingest a .ini file and        // return a SecurityManager instance:        // Use the shiro.ini file at the root of the classpath        // (file: and url: prefixes load from files and urls respectively):        Factory
     
       factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();        // for this simple example quickstart, make the SecurityManager        // accessible as a JVM singleton.  Most applications wouldn't do this        // and instead rely on their container configuration or web.xml for        // webapps.  That is outside the scope of this simple quickstart, so        // we'll just do the bare minimum so you can continue to get a feel        // for things.        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);        // Now that a simple Shiro environment is set up, let's see what you can do:        // get the currently executing user:        // 获取当前的 Subject. 调用 SecurityUtils.getSubject();        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();        // Do some stuff with a Session (no need for a web or EJB container!!!)        // 测试使用 Session         // 获取 Session: Subject#getSession()        Session session = currentUser.getSession();        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");        if (value.equals("aValue")) {            log.info("---> Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");        }        // let's login the current user so we can check against roles and permissions:        // 测试当前的用户是否已经被认证. 即是否已经登录.         // 调动 Subject 的 isAuthenticated()         if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {            // 把用户名和密码封装为 UsernamePasswordToken 对象            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");            // rememberme            token.setRememberMe(true);            try {                // 执行登录.                 currentUser.login(token);            }             // 若没有指定的账户, 则 shiro 将会抛出 UnknownAccountException 异常.             catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {                log.info("----> There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());                return;             }             // 若账户存在, 但密码不匹配, 则 shiro 会抛出 IncorrectCredentialsException 异常。             catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {                log.info("----> Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");                return;             }             // 用户被锁定的异常 LockedAccountException            catch (LockedAccountException lae) {                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");            }            // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?            // 所有认证时异常的父类.             catch (AuthenticationException ae) {                //unexpected condition?  error?            }        }        //say who they are:        //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):        log.info("----> User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");        //test a role:        // 测试是否有某一个角色. 调用 Subject 的 hasRole 方法.         if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {            log.info("----> May the Schwartz be with you!");        } else {            log.info("----> Hello, mere mortal.");            return;         }        //test a typed permission (not instance-level)        // 测试用户是否具备某一个行为. 调用 Subject 的 isPermitted() 方法。         if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:weild")) {            log.info("----> You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");        } else {            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");        }        //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:        // 测试用户是否具备某一个行为.         if (currentUser.isPermitted("user:delete:zhangsan")) {            log.info("----> You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");        } else {            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");        }        //all done - log out!        // 执行登出. 调用 Subject 的 Logout() 方法.         System.out.println("---->" + currentUser.isAuthenticated());                currentUser.logout();                System.out.println("---->" + currentUser.isAuthenticated());        System.exit(0);    }}
     

 

上面就是一个简单的helloword

原理分析如下所示